Citation - Taylor, R. S. (1986). Value-added processes in information systems. Norwood, N.J.: Ablex.

Questions: # What does an information system do for human beings to justify its cost?
資訊系統為人類做了什麼，以證明其成本是有效的？

1. Can we relate the system costs (value added in the economist's term) to the user enhancements added by the system (value added in the context of this book)?
   我們能將系統成本(經濟學上的加值)關聯到系統對使用者增強的部份(本書中所陳述的加值)？
2. What will be the cost in time, effort, and money that users, sitting in particular environment with particular problems, must invest to obtain useful information from any particular system?
   在特定環境中，有著特定問題的使用者，必須要投入那些時間、努力與金錢的成本，才能從系統中獲得有用的資訊？

• information system
  • the information system is a operating information system, its practice-driven and in “ordinary contexts of practical action”.
    • “We have systems that work,. That is to say, these fortuitous mixtures of professional know-how and technology called systems gather, operate on, and provide information to an amazing array of people in every kind of imaginable situation.” 我們有可用的系統。也就是說，這些天然混成專業技能與技術的系統，使各種情境中的人們得以聚集、運作、與提供資訊。
• user-driven model, not content-driven or technology-driven model

note:

• 由歷史學出身的 Taylor，似乎傾向用一種客觀且寬容的態度來觀察這個複雜的人間社會。系統，對他而言，似乎是對社會秩序的隱喻。

• Taylor 認為，也許摘要與索引，是最密集、專注，與最被定義的清楚的資訊活動。因此，對摘要與索引的研究，可以作為加值程序的研究。

• 其加值的階段與程序，與其中哪些被加值
  • 見 table 6-1
  • 階段有：
    1. acquisition[徵集]:
       1. control/claiming[控制/催件]:
    2. citation development[引文發展]:
    3. citation augmentation[引文增加]:
    4. indexing[索引編製]:
    5. abstracting[摘要編製]:
    6. editing[編輯]:
    7. formatting[格式化]:
    8. dissemination[傳佈]:

• 內容結構不全依據原書章節。我有修改過其標題與層次。但順序並沒有調整。

file link - Google Schloar, XXC