• Hall (1985:99): 意識形態是「思考的框架，與對世界的盤算–人們用來理解世界運作、置身何處、應行何事的概念」。
  > “ideologies are frameworks of thinking and calculation about the world – the 'ideas' which people use to figure out how the social world works, what their place is in it and what they ought to do.”

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