相關: index, indexing process
Definition(1) - Indexing is, minimally, the analysis of documents for their significant characteristics in order to represent those characteristics in an information system. | 簡言之，索引編製，是為了在資訊系統內呈現文件顯著特徵，所進行的分析工作。(Langridge, 1989)
Definition(2) - Indexing is the process of creating the entries in an index. The essential operations in theis process are: (1) scanning the collection, (2) analyzing tis content, this content analysis being based on predetermined criteria of use of the collection and the index, (3) tagging discrete items in the collection with appropriate identifiers, and (4) adding to each identifier the precise location within the collection where the item occurs, so that it may be retrieved. Additional functions, which may but need not be performed by the same indexer, are: (1) cumulating the resulting entries into a cohesive, consistent whole, (2) establishing rules for the selection of identifiers, (3) establishing a pattern of interrelationship of identifiers (through cross references, tracings, and scope notes), (4) establishing the format of the locator, and (5) determining the physical form in which the completed index is to be published or otherwise mede available for use. (Rothman, 1974)
Mai(2005)區分兩種索引法：文件中心法(document-centered)與領域中心法(domain-centered)。