== iSchool 

=== 歷史
(Association for Library and Information Science Education, ALISE)

* 1988: Gang of 3 (Pittsburgh; Syracuse; Drexel)
* 2001: Gang of 5 (+ Washington; Michigan)
* 2003: Gang of 10 (+ Illinois; N. Carolina; Florida; Indiana; Texas)

(iSchools Caucus)

* (+ Rutgers; California- Berkeley[Information]; California- Irvin[Information & Computer Science]; California- LA[Education & Information studies]; Georgia Tech[Computing]; Pennsylvania; Indiana; Maryland; Toronto)
* 2005: iSchool Conference
* 2008 (+ CMU Heinz[information management]; Singapore Management[Information system])
 





=== 起源動機
iSchool 的興起是由於數位資訊的爆炸性成長。

=== 定義資訊科學

==== Bates
Marcia Bates 對資訊科學的定義: \\ 
資訊科學的領域是 為了將來取用 所選擇與保存的資訊紀錄宇宙(the domain of information science [as] the universe of recorded information that is selected and retained for later access)，而主張資訊科學主要在於資訊的組織、形式以及潛在結構，其次才是內容((Bates, M.J. The invisible substrate of information science. J. Am. Soc. Inform. Sci. Technol. 1999, 50 (12), 1043–1050,
http://www.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/bates/substrate.html.))。

Bates 主張資訊科學關注三種問題：

*
 實體問題：資訊紀錄宇宙的特性與法則\\ <fs 50%> What are the features and laws of the recorded information universe? (physical question)</fs>
*
 社會問題：人們如何關聯、搜尋與使用資訊? \\ <fs 50%> How do people relate to, seek, and use information? (social question)</fs>
* 設計問題：如何能最有效迅速的取用資訊紀錄? \\  <fs 50%> How can access to recorded information be made most rapid and effective? (design question)</fs>



== Note 

== References
* [[:study:Ronald, L. L. (2009). iSchools]]. in Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences, Third Edition (pp. 3018-3023). NY, USA: Taylor & Francis.

== Metadata/Backlinks 

{{backlinks>.}}
{{tag>LIS Information_science}}